Abstract
Cementitious materials cause a great impact on the environment due to the calcination of clinker and the extraction of non-renewable mineral resources. In this work, the replacement of quartz sand from the river by PET sand was evaluated at levels of 10%, 20%, and 30%. Tests were performed in the fresh state through consistency, air retention, density, and incorporated air and in the hardened state for compressive strength, flexural strength, density, capillarity, and water absorption. The results show that PET sand is viable in contents of up to 10%, improving the mechanical properties of the mortar and without compromising its workability and incorporated air properties. Above that level, the loss of properties is very excessive, mainly of workability and incorporated air. The incorporated air of the 30% composition, for example, reaches 24%, an excessive value that impacts the properties of the hardened state, making it impossible to use the material at levels greater than 20%. It is concluded that the use of recycled PET sand is a possibility that contributes to sustainable development, as it reduces the extraction of quartz sand from the river, a non-renewable mineral resource.
Highlights
The materials used in the research were ordinary Portland cement (OPC) composite, containing approximately 80% clinker and 20% blast furnace slag, and hydrated lime containing approximately 80% clinker and 20% blast furnace slag, and hydrated lime (CH), (CH), containing least
PET sand, theThis freeiswater available to imof water promoted by recycled PET sand, which sequesters the free water available to prove spreading, and increases the internal friction of the grains that make improve spreading, and increases the internal friction of the grains that make up the mortar, excessively impairing workability [33]
This characteristic even harms other other properties of the material in the hardened state, such as mechanical resistance and properties of the material in the hardened state, such as mechanical resistance and water water absorption, since the lack of workability prevents the molding of specimens from absorption, since the lack of workability prevents the molding of specimens from taking taking place efficiently
Summary
Mortars are construction materials used for different purposes in civil construction, such as laying blocks, covering ceilings and walls, or smoothing surfaces [1,2]. They are usually produced with binders, such as Portland cement and hydrated lime, fine aggregate, and water. The use of these materials is problematic from an environmental point of view, mainly due to the clinkerization needed to obtain Portland cement and the high extraction of mineral resources to produce the binders and to be used as fine aggregate [3,4,5]
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