Recursive Information Hiding Scheme Through LSB, PVD Shift, and MPE

Abstract

ABSTRACTIn this study, a new data embedding method is proposed to enhance the embedding payload by combining irreversible and reversible methods. The proposed method is based on pixel value difference (PVD), least significant bit (LSB) substitution, PVD shift, and modification of prediction error (MPE). A pixel block (2 × 1) is initially classified into lower and higher texture areas, and secret data are embedded through LSB and PVD, respectively. The pixel block is then recursively employed through PVD shift and MPE embedding methods to increase the payload. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method significantly increases the embedding capacity to 53,917 bits and maintains the visual image quality to 38 dB. The proposed method also provides robustness against regular/singular steganalysis.