Recurrent Transient Ischemic Attack in A Young Lady with Embolic Stroke of Undetermined Source and Patent Foramen Ovale: Quo Vadis- Direct Cause, Risk Factor, or Incidental Finding?

Abstract

Approximately 40% of ischemic strokes have no clearly definable etiology and are termed cryptogenic strokes. Patent foramen ovale (PFO), a small communication between the left and right atria, is a common benign finding in healthy subjects. Its prevalence is higher in patients with cryptogenic stroke. There is conflicting data and it remains uncertain whether PFO is the direct cause, a risk factor or an incidental finding.