Abstract
This report is about a 45-year-old man with acute myeloid leukemia (AML), treated with chemotherapy and allogeneic bone marrow transplant (allo-BMT) in 2010. After allo-BMT the patient developed chronic graft-versus-host disease (cGvHD) and was treated with a corticosteroid and immunosuppressants. In 2018, he presented with a whitish lesion with a central ulcer in the left anterior portion of the tongue. An incisional biopsy revealed the histopathologic diagnosis of invasive squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), poorly differentiated. Partial glossectomy was performed with free surgical margins. Two months later, the SCC recurred as an ulcero-infiltrative lesion. The new planning includes glossectomy, cervical dissection, and graft followed by radiotherapy. This case suggests the susceptibility to develop oral malignancies after allo-BMT. Additionally, these tumors could have an aggressive behavior with a tendency to recur, indicating a poor prognosis. Periodic assessments are necessary for all patients who undergo allo-BMT and develop cGvHD.
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