Abstract
Part of the success of a breeding program depends on the composition of the base population. Superior genotypes and unimproved dioecious varieties are sources of genes for traits of interest and excellent options for the formation of segregating populations. Here we describe the first cycle of recurrent selection (RS) in papaya and propose an effective strategy, unprecedented in the crop, to generate variability and new cultivars. Initially, the RS base population (UCP-C0) was developed with wide variability. Subsequently, 196 S1 progenies were obtained, evaluated in a trial, and the superior 40 S1 progenies were recombined. Among the traits of the selected progenies, high fruit yield (producing two to five fruits per axil) stands out. The S1 progenies were recombined and their seed bulk corresponds to the base population for the second cycle (UCP-C1). The results of the first cycle demonstrate the genetic potential of this population for the development of superior cultivars, and the breeding strategy applied is promising.
Highlights
Papaya (Carica papaya L.) tree is one of the most economically important fruit trees in the world’s tropical and subtropical regions
Despite the relevance of this fruit tree for Brazilian agribusiness, its cultivation needs to be enhanced by developing cultivars with excellent fruit yield and quality, resistance to diseases and pests and adapted to different producing regions
The recurrent selection program in papaya started by developing an UCP-C0 initial or base population (UENF Caliman Population Cycle 0) with a broad genetic base (Figure 1)
Summary
Papaya (Carica papaya L.) tree is one of the most economically important fruit trees in the world’s tropical and subtropical regions. The fruits, as well as the papaya stem, leaves and roots, are used in a wide range of medical applications (Ming et al 2008). Papaya is used for the commercial production of papain, which is used mainly as a red meat tenderizer, and for the manufacture of beer and skin, warts and scars treatment (Ming et al 2012). The Southeast and Northeast regions are the largest producers, especially the states of Bahia and Espírito Santo, which in 2019 together accounted for approximately 71% of the national production of papaya (IBGE 2020). Despite the relevance of this fruit tree for Brazilian agribusiness, its cultivation needs to be enhanced by developing cultivars with excellent fruit yield and quality, resistance to diseases and pests and adapted to different producing regions. New papaya cultivars are usually selected and developed via segregating populations, obtained through crossing/recombination
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