Recurrent Multiple Symmetric Lipomatosis Affecting the Upper & Lower Limbs: A Case Report

Abstract

Madelung disease is a rare, metabolic, malignancy-associated and disfiguring condition of unknown etiology, characterized by potentially debilitating neurological, cardiopulmonary, gastric, musculoskeletal and psycho-social complications. Also known as multiple symmetric lipomatosis (MSL), Benign Lipomatosis (BSL), and Launois-Bensaude syndrome, MSL is characterized by the symmetrical growth of subcutaneous non-encapsulated fat deposits, usually around the neck, but in some cases also around shoulders, the upper trunk, chest and limbs, and hip girdle. These abnormal fat deposits may rapidly grow over a few months or slowly enlarge over several years. Expanding fatty deformations may be disabling, have disfiguring aesthetic consequences, and infiltrate or compress adjacent vital structures. This case illustrates that painful, massive growths may also occur around the knees, re-grow post excision, and present with compressive neurological symptoms necessitating further surgical interventions.