Abstract
Ameloblastic fibroma (AF) is an uncommon benign odontogenic tumor in which both the epithelial and ectomesenchymal components are neoplastic. We report a case of a 6-year-old male patient presenting a painless swelling in the left posterior mandibular region with 1-month evolution. Computed tomography scans showed a large osteolytic lesion (6.0 × 4.5 cm). An incisional biopsy was performed, and the histopathologic analysis revealed cords and islands of proliferating odontogenic epithelium laid in a loose cell-rich connective tissue. The diagnosis was AF. A surgical conservative excision followed by curettage was performed, but the lesion recurred after 6 years, which was histologically confirmed. A new surgical excision and curettage was performed, including the removal of the tooth involved. The patient is under follow-up for 3 months with no recurrence sign. Despite the benign nature, a judicious pathologic analysis in cases of recurrent tumors is essential to rule out any malignant changes.
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