Recurrence of periodontitis and associated factors in previously treated periodontitis patients without maintenance follow-up.

Fazele Atarbashi-Moghadam,Farnaz Mohammadi,Soran Sijanivandi,Mohammadreza Talebi

doi:10.34172/japid.2020.010

Fazele Atarbashi-Moghadam, Farnaz Mohammadi + Show 2 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.34172/japid.2020.010

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Abstract

Background Preventive dentistry, including supportive periodontal therapy (SPT), is one of the most critical areas of attention. Despite SPT’s importance in the long-term success of periodontal treatment, the patients’ adherence to it is weak. The present study aimed to evaluate of periodontal disease’s recurrence rate and its related factors in periodontal patients without regular follow-up. Methods A cross-sectional study was set in a specialized periodontics clinic in Tehran, Iran. Patients with periodontitis who completed periodontal therapy during 2005–2014 and did not adhere to the maintenance phase were evaluated. The periodontal history of the patients was updated. The previous diagnoses of patients according to their previous periodontal charts were revised by AAP 2015 criteria. Then, periodontal parameters were assessed, and current periodontal status was evaluated. Statistical analyses consisted of Fisher’s exact test, t-test, Man-Whitney test, and Kruskal-Wallis test. Spearman’s correlation coefficient was used to assess the relationship between factors and variables. Results Fifty patients were evaluated, including 29 males and 21 females. There was a significant relationship between the initial diagnosis and recurrence rate of periodontitis (P=0.017). There was also a significant relationship between the recurrence of periodontitis and the years elapsed since the initial treatment (P=0.027, r = 0.353). Smoking significantly affected tooth loss (P=0.001). Conclusion Patients with severe periodontitis need more attention to participate in supportive periodontal care. The patients must be aware of the disadvantages of neglecting this phase and be reminded of regular follow-up.

Highlights

The maintenance intervals are planned for each patient according to their specific risk factors, such as smoking habits, systemic diseases, age, poor oral hygiene, and pocket depth >6 mm.[2,7]
In this study, which was conducted on participants who did not take part in periodontal maintenance recalls, the recurrence of periodontitis was observed in most individuals (Table 2)
Matuliene et al[20] categorized patients who had adhered to recall intervals during the maintenance period based on Bleeding on probing (BOP) percentage, pocket depth >5 mm percentage, the extent of tooth loss, the extent of bone loss, environmental factors such as smoking, and systemic diseases into low, moderate, and highrisk individuals

Summary

Introduction

Despite the importance of the maintenance phase, lack of patients’ adherence to this program leads to problems.[5] It is found that adherence to recall intervals in men is less than women, with the youth less than the middle-aged. Patients undergoing periodontal surgery had more compliance with the maintenance program.[8,9] It is suggested that one of the main causes of irregular attendance in the maintenance program’s recall sessions is that patients prefer returning to their general dentists.[10] planning for patient referrals to their general dentists with a recommended strategy for long-term

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Results

Discussion

Conclusion