Abstract
In a scenario where every possible solution is investigated for sustainability, Energy Harvesting (EH) stands as an undisputed candidate for enhancing the network lifetime in WSNs where node lifetime decides the network’s life. Radio Frequency (RF) energy is abundantly available in the ambience among all the available energy sources. Since both information and power are transmitted in an RF signal, EH is possible in the far-field region. At first, we present a novel 4-element rectangular Patch Antenna Array (PAA) design of EH rectenna. The receiving antenna is designed to pick up the radio signal in the RF range (2.45 GHz) from the free space. Then, the H-shape antenna is modified by introducing a circular slot to enhance the bandwidth. The paper compares the results of the basic parameters of the antenna, such as return loss, input impedance, bandwidth, gain, directivity, and efficiency. As a result, the modified H-shaped antenna (with circular slot) has an increased gain from 8.24 dB to 8.32 dB, with a reduced return loss from -10 dB to -16 dB and enhanced bandwidth from 64.8 MHz to 868 MHz. The high gain, large bandwidth, suitably matched impedance for a minor return loss, and high efficiency of the modified H-shaped patch antenna makes it eligible for energy harvesting application.
Highlights
With the proliferation of edge devices and extensive study on deployment, WSNs find their applications ranging from remote applications to body area networks
RFEH is most suitable as the energy source is readily and abundantly available in transmitted energy
While we finetune the performances of each module, the combination of all modules should be in harmony and result in efficient Wireless Power Harvesting (WPH) system
Summary
With the proliferation of edge devices and extensive study on deployment, WSNs find their applications ranging from remote applications to body area networks. The battery acts as an energy source for a node, and its power decides the life of a WSN. Energy harvesting is perceived as an amicable solution for the bottleneck created by the limited lifetime of the battery. While there are many sources for EH, such as solar, wind, thermal, vibrational, temperature, and electromagnetic, RF energy is the most abundantly available, especially in urban environments. EH, referred to as Energy Scavenging (ES), makes it possible to overcome the inconvenience of frequent replacement of batteries [11] while being less expensive and eco-friendly. Many attempts have been made to design EH schemes based on the availability of energy sources. RFEH is most suitable as the energy source is readily and abundantly available in transmitted energy.
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