Abstract
A role of pro- and antioxidants for reducing rectal cancer (RC) incidence in operative, preoperative, and postoperative treatments is still disputable and controversial. The redox state of venous blood and tissues of blood vessels of 60 patients with RC (T2-4N0-2M0G2) and 20 donors is studied by means of the conventional and spin-trapping electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR). The intensity of the signals from ceruloplasmin (CP), transferrin (TF), and labile iron pool (LIP) at temperature T = 77 K as well as superoxide generation rate and nitric oxide (NO) levels at T = 300 K is measured. The reduced CP and TF activity and decreased NO levels increased LIP levels and superoxide-generating rates are detected in blood species. Correlation analysis for the five-year survival rate as a function of the extracted values is done. The results show that the intensities of the corresponding EPR signals from the “native” and “trapped” paramagnetic centers can be potentially used for the understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying the RC progression and treatment.
Highlights
Biological electron transfer (ET) is crucial for the running of the energy processes of the cell
We report the measurements of the redox state of venous blood of patients with rectal cancer which include electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) of the native paramagnetic centers at liquid nitrogen temperature of T = 77 K and spin-trapping EPR of the reactive oxygen/nitrogen species- (ROS/RNS-) superoxide (O2∙) and nitric oxide (NO) radicals at room temperature (RT) to exhibit the features of the RC redox state in blood and to demonstrate the EPR capabilities for RC research
Venous blood of 60 patients who stayed at the Ukrainian National Cancer Institute for treatment (34 men and 26 women, mean age 61 ± 2.3 years) with stage II/III (f2-4N0-2M0G2 according to the Seventh Edition of the American Joint Committee of Cancer classification [36], where T factor is the degree of wall penetration of the primary tumor; N factor is the status of lymph node metastasis; M factor shows the presence of distant metastasis; and G describes the grade of the cancer) of adenocarcinoma of the rectum was studied
Summary
Biological electron transfer (ET) is crucial for the running of the energy processes of the cell. ET is responsible for the growth and apoptosis of cells and, can play an important role in the progress of the pathological processes This transfer is mediated by chains of protein-bound redox (reduction-oxidation) units. The fundamentals of using the EPR techniques for studying organs and tissues of humans and animals in the norm and pathology were established and developed in 1960-80s [2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10]. It seems that this field is experiencing its second birth in recent years, including numerous applications in cancer related research [11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,21]
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