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Abstract
The damage morphology of germanium surfaces using femtosecond laser pulses of various fluences and number of pulses is reported. The single pulse damage threshold in the present experiment was 9.7±4.0×10 −13 W/ cm 2 . The experimental threshold value was compared with theory, considering the damage threshold as the melting threshold. The cooling rate calculated on the basis of present results is 2.4×10 15°C/s. Recrystallization was the common feature of the damage morphology. For fluences greater than the single pulse damage-threshold micropits and spherical grains of micron size were formed in the damaged surface. Ablation (surface removal) was also observed at higher fluences (at two or three times of damage threshold value). The damage morphology, induced by multiple pulses, was unaffected for linear and circular polarization.
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