Abstract
The effectiveness of different recruitment sources for new employees has been the topic of speculation and research for over 50 years. Effectiveness has primarily been assessed by examining turnover/job survival rates and job performance. As reported in most narrative reviews and all five quantitative reviews, referrals by current personnel, in-house job postings, and the re-hiring of former employees are the most effective sources. Walk-ins have been slightly less effective, and the least effective sources are newspaper ads, school placement services, and employment agencies (government/private). Over these 50 years, six explanations for this pattern have been offered. They are summarized and evaluated here. The practical usefulness of recruiting from effective sources is estimated, based on the effect sizes from our meta-analysis. Finally, suggestions for future research are made.
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