Recreational Running Training Favourably Affects Antioxidants Gene Expression in Type 2 Diabetes Patients

Abstract

Increased levels of oxidative stress and inflammation have been linked to the progression of diabetes. To reduce oxidative stress and inflammation related to diabetes, diet and chronic exercise is often recommended. Data suggests high intensity interval training may be more beneficial than traditional aerobic exercise. However, appraisals of differing modes of exercise, along with explanations of mechanisms responsible for observed effects in humans, are lacking. This study assessed effects of twelve weeks of two models of high intensity intermittent training, recreational soccer (SO+D) or running (RU+D) training both combined with a caloric restricted diet vs. diet alone (D) in PBMC gene expression of type 2 diabetes patients. Training sessions were performed for 40 minutes, 3 times per week for 12 weeks. We examined PBMC mRNA expression of genes related to antioxidant enzyme activity (CASP9, SOD1, CAT, CASP3). Compared to the D group, only RU+D group resulted in increased mRNA expression of CASP9, SOD1 and CAT (p<0.01) whereas SO+D group mRNA expression did not alter after 12 weeks intervention. Compared to SO+D group, RU+D resulted in increased mRNA expression of CAT, CASP9, SOD1 and CASP3 (p<0.01) post-12 weeks treatment. The combined use of running training associated with dietary advice beneficially influenced expression of genes related to endogenous antioxidant enzyme activity and inflammation than soccer training and diet alone. In conclusion, recreational running training was superior than soccer training and diet alone elicited lower oxidative stress and inflammation among type 2 diabetes patients. Disclosure M. Sousa: None. A. Santos: None. M.R. Silva: None.