Abstract
A survey of techniques and tools used in filing systems, database systems, and operating systems for recovery, backing out, restart, the mamtenance of consistency, and for the provismn of crash resistance is given. A particular view on the use of recovery techmques in a database system and a categorization of different kinds of recovery and recovery techmques and basic principles are presented. The purposes for which these recovery techniques can be used are described Each recovery techmque is illustrated by examples of its application in exmtlng systems described in the literature. A main conclusion from this survey is that the recovery techmques described are all useful; they are applied for different purposes and m different envLronments. However, a certain trend in the increasing use of specific techniques during the past few years can be noted. Another main conclusion is that there are still enormous integrity and recovery problems to be solved for parallel processes and distributed processing.
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