Abstract
Coffee pulp is one of the most underutilised by-products from coffee processing. For coffee growers, disposing of this agro-industrial biomass has become one of the most difficult challenges. This study utilised this potential biomass as raw material for polyphenolic antifungal agents. First, the proportion of biomass was obtained from the Arabica green bean processing. The yield of by-products was recorded, and the high-potency biomass was serially extracted with organic solvents for the polyphenol fraction. Quantification of the polyphenols was performed by High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC), then further confirmed by mass spectrometry modes of the liquid chromatography–quadrupole time-of-flight (QTOF). Then, the fraction was used to test antifungal activities against Alternaria brassicicola, Pestalotiopsis sp. and Paramyrothecium breviseta. The results illustrated that caffeic acid and epigallocatechin gallate represented in the polyphenol fraction actively inhibited these fungi with an inhibitory concentration (IC50) of 0.09, 0.31 and 0.14, respectively. This study is also the first report on the alternative use of natural biocontrol agent of P. breviseta, the pathogen causing leaf spot in the Arabica coffee.
Highlights
Coffee is a beverage cash crop that is widely cultivated in the tropicals, especially in the Americas, Africa, and Asia with global production reaching 10.5 million tons per year [1]
Coffee pulp is weighed as high as 29% of the total dried weight which is disposed of as waste and has become an environmental pollution that incurs a high cost of management [7]
From the initial processing step, the data indicated that the high-quality green bean yielded only 13% of the total harvesting weight while the others remained as processing by-products
Summary
Coffee is a beverage cash crop that is widely cultivated in the tropicals, especially in the Americas, Africa, and Asia with global production reaching 10.5 million tons per year [1]. Coffee pulp is weighed as high as 29% of the total dried weight which is disposed of as waste and has become an environmental pollution that incurs a high cost of management [7]. Considering their availability, which is practically of low cost, attempts have been made in order to value-add this agro-industrial biomass through the recovery of bioactive components [6,7,8,9,10]
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