Abstract
.We present a method to recover absorption and reduced scattering spectra for each layer of a two-layer turbid media from spatial frequency-domain spectroscopy data. We focus on systems in which the thickness of the top layer is less than the transport mean free path . We utilize an analytic forward solver, based upon the ’th-order spherical harmonic expansion with Fourier decomposition method in conjunction with a multistage inverse solver. We test our method with data obtained using spatial frequency-domain spectroscopy with 32 evenly spaced wavelengths within to 1000 nm on six-layered tissue phantoms with distinct optical properties. We demonstrate that this approach can recover absorption and reduced scattering coefficient spectra for both layers with accuracy comparable with current Monte Carlo methods but with lower computational cost and potential flexibility to easily handle variations in parameters such as the scattering phase function or material refractive index. To our knowledge, this approach utilizes the most accurate deterministic forward solver used in such problems and can successfully recover properties from a two-layer media with superficial layer thicknesses.
Highlights
Spatial frequency domain imaging and spectroscopy (SFDI/ SFDS) are optical reflectance-based methods that, when used in combination with quantitative radiative transport models, have provided biomedical optics researchers a powerful means to derive quantitative measures of tissue structure and composition.[1]
The success of early efforts to derive some degree of depth-resolved information has been constrained by the limitations of the standard diffusion approximation (SDA) to the radiative transport equation (RTE), which is typically used for optical property recovery and reconstruction
We present a staged inversion algorithm using an approximate deterministic RTE solver to recover the optical properties of layered media using SFDS data over a broad range of wavelengths
Summary
Spatial frequency domain imaging and spectroscopy (SFDI/ SFDS) are optical reflectance-based methods that, when used in combination with quantitative radiative transport models, have provided biomedical optics researchers a powerful means to derive quantitative measures of tissue structure and composition.[1] Using relatively simple modeling approaches, SFDI has been useful for informing a wide range of diverse biomedical applications ranging from assessment of cerebral hemodynamics in a mouse model of Alzheimers disease[2] to detection of early modes of failure in tissue transfer flaps[3] and assessment of burn wound severity.[3,4] the ability to employ reflectance data acquired at multiple spatial frequencies has been far underutilized in terms of enabling optical tomography[5] and the analysis of layered tissue systems.[6] The success of early efforts to derive some degree of depth-resolved information has been constrained by the limitations of the standard diffusion approximation (SDA) to the radiative transport equation (RTE), which is typically used for optical property recovery and reconstruction. We apply a high-order RTE approximation that employs a full spherical harmonic
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