Abstract
Spent acid waste is produced in the petroleum processing industry at the alkylation process unit that requires sulfuric acid as a catalyst to produce iso-octane. Therefore, spent acid contains sulfuric acid attached to a long chain carbon and other compounds. This compound is corrosive and has a pH below 1.0, so that it cannot be directly discharged into the environment. The processing and utilization of spent acid to meet environmental quality standards need to be conducted. This study aimed to conduct waste treatment of spent acid and to recover sulfuric acid from the spent acid solution because the level of H 2 SO 4 is high at about 82%, then the sulfuric acid can be reused in the alkylation process or other processes. Adsorption method was selected to process the waste using bentonite as adsorbent in 3 stages adsorption columns. The results showed that the recovery of H 2 SO 4 was successful in which the purity of H 2 SO 4 generated after distillation reached 94.94%.
Highlights
The production process of petroleum processing industry, especially in the alkylation unit produces spent acid waste
The spent acid used in this study consists of compounds of waste from the alkylation unit in the petroleum processing industry
The analysis shows that the constituent elements of bentonite consist of silica, alumina, Oxygen, Nitrogen and Fe as shown in Figures 4 and Figure 5
Summary
The production process of petroleum processing industry, especially in the alkylation unit produces spent acid waste. Spent acid waste is classified as hazardous and toxic material and belongs to B3 waste. Spent acid is one of the B3 waste that requires special treatment to be able to be reused in the process or transformed into other useful products. The spent acid used in this study consists of compounds of waste from the alkylation unit in the petroleum processing industry. The main component of the spent acid is sulfuric acid, a major catalyst in the reaction between iso-butane and iso butylene that will react to form isooctane. Some of the constituent formed from alkylation unit other than sulfuric acid are distillate, alkylate, diethyl sulfate and dimethyl sulfate. The physical properties of spent acid are dark, smelled very sharp with a pH
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