Abstract
Forest fires are severe disasters that cause significant damage in the Republic of Korea and the entire world, and an effort is being made to prevent forest fires internationally. The Republic of Korea budgets 3.38 million USD every year to prevent forest fires. However, an average of 430 wildfires occur nationwide annually. Thirty-eight percent of the forest fire budget is used for forest restoration. Restoring afforestation in the affected areas is a top priority. This study aimed to estimate the degree of vegetative regeneration using the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), Enhanced Vegetation Index (EVI), Soil-Adjustment Vegetation Index (SAVI), and Normalized Burn Ratio (NBR). Although many studies have used NBR with NDVI to extract plant regeneration regions, they suffer from atmospheric effects and soil brightness. Thus, this study utilizes NBR with NDVI, EVI, and SAVI to accurately select areas for targeted forest restoration. Furthermore, this study applies clustering analysis to extract the spatial boundary of vegetative regenerative regions. The proposed method suggests a pixel range of vegetation indices. These ranges can be used as an indicator, such as the NBR’s Fire Severity Level, which reflects the mountain’s local characteristics, meaning that it can be useful after forest fires. Using the three vegetation indices can extract more accurate vegetation areas than using NBR with NDVI and can help determine a forest restoration target area.
Highlights
The Republic of Korea is vulnerable to forest fires because approximately70% of the land within its borders is mountainous
In 2019, forest fires in Gangwon province caused an overwhelming amount of damage and received a significant amount of attention due to the cost of restoration
Forest fires displaced more than 1300 people in Gangwon province, and damage occurred on 28,320,000 m2 of land due to a three-day fire
Summary
The Republic of Korea is vulnerable to forest fires because approximately70% of the land within its borders is mountainous. The Republic of Korea is vulnerable to forest fires because approximately. Korea Forest Service, over the past ten years, 653 forest fires have occurred, damaging. The amount of significantly damaged forests caused by wildfire is immeasurable. The Republic of Korea spends 34.1 million USD annually on efforts to prevent forest fires. Approximately 5.2 million USD per 1010 hectares are spent annually on vegetation restoration and forest facility reconstruction in areas affected by forest fires. In 2019, forest fires in Gangwon province caused an overwhelming amount of damage and received a significant amount of attention due to the cost of restoration. Forest fires displaced more than 1300 people in Gangwon province, and damage occurred on 28,320,000 m2 of land due to a three-day fire. The damage was estimated at more than 117.5 million USD. The government provided 117.5 million USD, including 22.3 million USD for private facilities such as small businesses and agricultural practices and
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