RECOVERY OF CEREBRAL TISSUE STRUCTURES AND MITOCHONDRIA APPARATUS BY MEANS OF TRANSCATHETER LASER REVASCULARIZATION DURING AD

Abstract

The recovery of cerebral blood supply, microcirculation, and tissue and cell structures are up-to-date problems in development of new AD treatments. Here presented are the results of AD treatment based on angiogenesis stimulation, recovery of microcirculatory bed, and tissue and cell brain structures by means of transcatheter impact of low-energy laser. From 93 patients with AD 48 patients aged 34–79 (average 65) were singled out, among which: Group (TDR-0) - 4 (8.33%) - pre-clinical AD stage without any particular cognitive impairment and dementia manifestations, having 2 or more direct relatives with AD; Group (TDR-1) - 16 (33.33%) - AD history up to 2 years, mild dementia, mild cognitive impairment and mild manifestations of the disease (corresponds to CDR-1); Group (TDR-2) - 21 (43.75%) - AD history up to 6 years, moderate dementia, persistent cognitive impairment and more severe manifestations of the disease (corresponds to CDR-2); Group (TDR-3) - 7 (14.58%) - AD history of 7–12 years, severe dementia, severe cognitive impairment and late stages of the disease (corresponds to CDR-3). The examination included MMSE, CDR, TDR assessment, cerebral CT, MRI (with temporal lobes atrophy degree calculation and AD stages determination by «Tomography Dementia Rating scale» -TDR), SG, REG, and cerebral MUGA. Basic cerebral changes at AD were identified: temporal lobes atrophy, along with capillary blood flow reduction in the temporal and fronto-parietal regions, with simultaneous multiple arteriovenous shunts in the same regions, and early venous capillary blood dumping. Low-energy laser systems were used to carry out transcatheter treatment. Good angiographic outcome manifested in persistent angiogenesis, capillary blood flow restoration and arteriovenous shunts reduction, was obtained in all cases, which in turn led to amyloid beta metabolism normalization in the cerebral tissue. In the long period (2–6 years) all 48 patients showed 8–15% increase in the tissue mass of temporal lobes accompanied by dementia decrease and cognitive functions improvement, indicating recovery of cerebral structures. Transcatheter laser revascularization leads to angiogenesis stimulation and to the recovery of microcirculation, cerebral cell and tissue structures, thereby decreasing the level of dementia and cognitive impairment during AD. Patient T. male 68 years old, medical history -6 years (TDR-2). CT of the brain. Before the intervention: Reduction of temporal lobes tissue mass: L-22%, R28%. The same Patient T. CT of the brain. 1 year after the intervention. Reduction decrease: L-10%, R-12% The same Patient T. CT of the brain. 5 years after the intervention. Normalization of temporal loves tissue mass.