Abstract
Blast furnace dust (BFD) is a kind of solid waste generated in the ironmaking process. It contains approximately 0.1% of bismuth (Bi). To reduce environmental pollution and storage problems associated with BFD, direct reduction process to recover Bi from BFD was proposed in this study. Thermodynamic calculations and thermogravimetric analysis were first used to determine the initial reaction temperature between Bi2O3 and C. High-purity Bi2O3 and graphite were evenly mixed that the carbon to oxygen ratio is 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, respectively and heated at 800–1200 °C under 50 °C gradient for 2 h. Experimental results showed that almost all bismuth volatilized at 1200 °C and Bi and BiO could be obtained in the condensation zone by carbothermal reduction. Therefore, this study provides a new and potential useful technology for recovery of Bi from BFD, as well as a certain practical approach to comprehensively utilizing such metallurgical solid waste.KeywordsBismuthCarbothermal reductionBlast furnace dust (BFD)Resource utilization
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