Recovery high schools: Effect of schools supporting recovery from substance use disorders

Abstract

ABSTRACTBackground: Recovery high schools (RHSs) provide post-treatment education and recovery support for young people with substance use disorders (SUDs). This is the first quasi-experimental outcome study to determine RHS effectiveness relative to students in non-RHSs. Objectives: To examine effects of RHS attendance on academic and substance use outcomes among adolescents treated for SUDs 6 months after recruitment to the study. Methods: A quasi-experimental design comparing outcomes for adolescents with treated SUDs who attended RHSs for at least 28 days versus a propensity-score balanced sample of students with treated SUDs who did not attend RHSs. The sample included 194 adolescents (134 in RHSs, 60 in non-RHSs) enrolled in Minnesota, Wisconsin, or Texas schools (M age = 16; 86% White; 49% female). Multilevel linear regression models were used to examine the effect of RHS attendance on students’ outcomes, after adjusting for a range of potential confounders. Results: Adolescents attending RHSs were significantly more likely than non-RHS students to report complete abstinence from alcohol, marijuana, and other drugs at the 6-month follow-up (OR = 4.36, p = .026), significantly lower levels of marijuana use (d = −0.51, p = .034) and less absenteeism from school (d = −0.56, p = .028). Conclusion: These results indicate that RHSs have significantly beneficial effects on substance use and school absenteeism after 6 months for adolescents treated for SUDs.