Abstract
Many modern and future particle accelerators employ high gradient superconducting RF (SRF) to generate beams of high energy, high intensity and high brightness for research in high energy and nuclear physics, basic energy sciences, etc. In this paper we report the record performance large-scale SRF system with average beam accelerating gradient matching the International Linear Collider (ILC) specification of 31.5 MV m−1. Design of the eight cavity 1.3 GHz SRF cryomodule, its performance without the beam and results of the system commissioning with high intensity electron beam at Fermilab Accelerator Science and Technology (FAST) facility are presented. We also briefly discuss opportunities for further beam studies and tests at FAST including those on even higher gradient and more efficient SRF acceleration, as well as exploration of the system performance with full ILC-type beam specifications.
Highlights
Over the past three decades, since pioneering realizations at CEBAF at JLab, TRISTAN at KEK and LEP-II at CERN in 1980s, the science and technology of superconducting radio-frequency (SRF) beam acceleration have matured and tremendously advanced
The SRF system of a particle accelerator consists of many subsystems and components, such as RF cavities, fundamental RF input power couplers, high-order modes (HOMs) dampers, frequency tuners, cryostats, high- and low-level RF systems, instrumentation, vacuum system, and cryogenics, and all that should be coupled to the rest of the accelerator complex
The SNS linac beam operations has shown some degradation of the SRF cavity gradients which are routinely at the level about 13MV/m on average, that is below the design specification [4]
Summary
Over the past three decades, since pioneering realizations at CEBAF at JLab, TRISTAN at KEK and LEP-II at CERN in 1980s, the science and technology of superconducting radio-frequency (SRF) beam acceleration have matured and tremendously advanced. The cavities operate at 2 oK and are grouped into approximately 12.6 m long cryomodules of two types with either 8 or 9 cavities in them, and the beam energy gain in the 8 cavity cryomodule needs to be 32·8=256 MeV To meet such specification with 1.5% energy overhead, each 1.038m long cavity should on average have 31.5 MV/m accelerating gradient with operationally acceptable spread of ±20%. The so-called “S1-Global collaborative project” [10] was set up by the ILC Global Design Group to demonstrate achievement of a 31.5 MV/m gradient in a cavity string in one 1.3 GHz SRF cryomodule and perform a realistic system test with high current beam acceleration. We discuss further beam studies of efficient beam SRF acceleration and opportunities to achieve even higher beam accelerating gradients
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