Abstract
The idea of reconstruction of Islamic philosophy in modern conditions is actualized due to the fact that there are problems of a natural and social nature, which can be designated as catastrophes and crises. In such critical conditions of challenge, a synthesis of spirituality and scientificity is in demand, which is the foundation for solving emerging difficulties and consolidating humanity. In this regard, the authors of the article turn to the widely discussed controversy in modern Islamic discourse on the compatibility of Islam and science and come to the conclusion that it is inevitable to support and expand the possibilities of rational research and the search for knowledge inspired by the Qur’an. A classic historical example of the rationalization of knowledge in Islamic discourse is the Arabic-Greek philosophy - falsafa (al-falsafa al-’arabiyya al-mu’aṣira). The complex problems of the current level of development of religion, science, politics, economics, culture, and civilization require new research approaches, new dimensions and tools in the XXI century. The theory of self-organization and evolution of large nonlinear systems has become a new fact and factor in the development of the science of studying complex local and global problems.
Highlights
The starting point of our research was the article by Zoran Milošević [1] “Islam and Science”, dedicated to the study of the compatibility of Islam and science, which shows that the contribution of Muslims to the development of world science is incredibly small, less than one percent, every fifth inhabitant of the planet today is a Muslim ...The debate about the compatibility of Islam and science began with Professor Ernest Renan (1823-1892) of the College de France in a lecture entitled "Islam and Science", which he gave on March 29, 1883 at the Sorbonne
According to the Prophet Muhammad, each verse in the Qur'an represents the word of God revealed to him for more than two decades, beginning in 610 AD
Knowledge is one of the most frequently used terms in the Qur'an, and the Prophet Muhammad directly instructed Muslims to seek knowledge, even if it meant a trip to China
Summary
The starting point of our research was the article by Zoran Milošević [1] “Islam and Science”, dedicated to the study of the compatibility of Islam and science, which shows that the contribution of Muslims to the development of world science is incredibly small, less than one percent, every fifth inhabitant of the planet today is a Muslim ...The debate about the compatibility of Islam and science began with Professor Ernest Renan (1823-1892) of the College de France in a lecture entitled "Islam and Science", which he gave on March 29, 1883 at the Sorbonne. AmraSabic-El-Rayess [3] writes that Brentjes agrees that elites saw scientific progress as the key to their prestige and, more broadly, to social development, while Bulliet believed that only about 4% of the urban elite were deeply involved in religious teachings Islamic scholars such as Al-Jahiz (776–868) argued that the teacher should exemplify knowledge and focus on critical thinking in mathematics and writing as essential foundations of human progress, to which religious studies were secondary. It should be explored how and why Muslim communities, their leaders, educators and educational institutions have gradually changed their interpretation of education and knowledge
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