Abstract
Monolithic optics are rapidly developing to fulfil the increasing demand for smart imaging. The complexity of such optics makes it almost impossible to fabricate directly using multi-axis machining. The industry is urging for a versatile solution, despite various techniques tailored for specific microstructures. In this paper, a novel multi-axis approach is proposed to directly develop maximum fill-factor complex lens arrays with intricate features, by reconfiguring the multi-axis to expand flexibility to develop these functional surfaces. The effectiveness of this approach is experimentally verified. This study paves a way towards versatile solutions to address any complex surface currently considered “impossible to machine”.
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