Abstract
In this paper, a polarization switchable reconfigurable microstrip patch antenna is designed first, it is extended further to get polarization switching in three switchable frequency bands by using corner connection/disconnection and additional patch connection/disconnection techniques. Three switchable operating bands are obtained with centre frequencies of 5.1 GHz (first band), 5.45 GHz (second band), and 6.3 GHz (third band) using 5 p-i-n diodes. Proposed structure is capable of being switched between left-hand circular polarization (LHCP), right-hand circular polarization (RHCP), and linear polarization (LP) in all three switchable frequency bands. A proximity coupled triangular tapered feed is used to feed the structure to get wide impedance and axial ratio bandwidths. Detailed analysis is carried out to observe the effects of various design parameters on the performance of the circuit. This also gives insight into the behavior of the circuit in terms of resonance frequency which would be useful to translate the structure at different frequency bands for various applications. Measured performance of the antenna agrees well with the simulations. The prototyped antenna has an acceptable reflection coefficient and axial ratio (AR below 3dB) in each operating band. Polarization and frequency diversities of the proposed design could enhance the reliability of modern wireless systems.
Highlights
Reconfigurable antennas are very popular in modern and future wireless communication systems, such as LTE and 5G
Microstrip based circularly polarized antennas offers advantage of being simple, light weight and low loss, research activities related to the circularly polarized microstrip antennas have been continuously reported in the literature
Proposed stubs loaded polarization switchable single-band antenna and its extension to achieve polarization switching in three switchable frequency bands are investigated in this paper
Summary
Reconfigurable antennas are very popular in modern and future wireless communication systems, such as LTE and 5G. Due to reflections from objects or any other obstacles, polarization of the receiving signal may change its direction and reduces the amplitude; circularly polarized antennas are insensitive to the orientation of receiving and transmitting antenna. Various designs of circularly polarized antenna have been reported earlier with single or dual feed mechanism. Circular polarization (CP) can be obtained from the microstrip patch antenna by perturbing its shape by inserting slot or slits, [1], [2], truncating its corner, [3]–[5], or other mechanisms. In [3] and [4], CP was obtained by truncating two diagonally placed corners, but it could be
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