Abstract
Reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) technology is at the forefront for its transformative role in future wireless communication systems such as wireless local area networks (WLAN), sixth-generation (6G) communication, and internet-of-things (IoT). This paper presents RIS-assisted Bluetooth low energy (BLE) communication links in neighbor discovery mode. We optimized the packet error rate (PER) performance of the BLE communication link in a highly reflecting metal enclosure environment. We used one RIS for the PER optimization of four BLE physical (PHY) modes. Then, we used two RISs simultaneously in a distributed and centralized manner to further optimize the PER of all BLE PHY modes. We found PER optimization using two RISs is better than the PER optimization using one RIS. Additionally, PER optimization using a centralized arrangement of RISs outperformed PER optimization using distributed arrangement. We found the coded BLE modes i.e., LE500K and LE125K show lower PER than the uncoded counterpart i.e., LE1M and LE2M. This is because uncoded BLE PHY modes have higher data rates than the coded BLE PHY modes. Because of additional channel power gains introduced by RIS-based passive beamforming, the PER of coded and uncoded BLE PHY modes is further reduced.
Highlights
Reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) is a revolutionizing technology which can configure wireless propagation environment by using a large number of low-cost passive reflecting elements where each passive element can induce amplitude and phase shifts beamforming and nulling the signal in an area of the interest (Kaina et al, 2014b; Basar et al, 2019; Tang et al, 2020a)
We created RIS-assisted programmable radio environment, contrary to legacy radio channels, programmable radio channel creates a degree of freedom for packet error rate (PER) optimization
We demonstrated RIS-assisted Bluetooth low energy (BLE) communication link in metal enclosure
Summary
Reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) is a revolutionizing technology which can configure wireless propagation environment by using a large number of low-cost passive reflecting elements where each passive element can induce amplitude and phase shifts beamforming and nulling the signal in an area of the interest (Kaina et al, 2014b; Basar et al, 2019; Tang et al, 2020a). A large RIS with higher number of passive reflecting elements can optimize BLE link effectively. Authors in Dai et al (2020), Tang et al (2020b) have demonstrated RIS-based experimental prototypes for demonstration of wireless communication system. Authors in Dai et al (2020) developed 256 element RIS prototype and demonstrated wireless communication systems with antenna gains of 21.7 dBi and 19.1 dBi at RF frequency of 2.3 and 28.5 GHz. A framework for joint trajectory and passive beamforming using RIS unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) communication has been presented in Li et al (2020).
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