Abstract
Ultrawide-angle electromagnetic wave absorbers with excellent mechanical properties are required in many diverse applications such as sensing, and stealth technologies. Here, a novel 3D reconfigurable metamaterial absorber (MMA) consisting of honeycomb and VO2 films is proposed. The proposed MMA exhibits a strong absorptivity above 90% in the widest incident angle up to 87^circ for TM- and TE polarized oblique incidences for THz wave propagating in yoz-plane. Under normal incidence, when VO2 films are in the insulating state, the proposed absorber exhibits high absorptivity in the frequency band of 1–4 THz. By increasing the temperature of the whole structure, the structural transformation of VO2 occurs and turns into the metallic phase. We have shown that under oblique incidence, the ohmic losses of VO2 films especially those parallel to the direction of the incident electric field are the most important absorption principles of the proposed MMA. Due to the ultra wide-angle absorption (angular stability) and mechanical performance, it is expected that the presented MMA may find potential applications, such as camouflage technologies, electromagnetic interference, imaging, and sensing. To the best knowledge of authors, the proposed MMA configuration exhibits the absorptivity in the widest incident angle ever reported.
Highlights
Quartz VO2 h x x advantaged, we present a novel vanadium dioxide (VO2)-based honeycomb-like metamaterial absorbers (MMA) which covers almost the full incident angle ( 0◦–87◦)
Since the design of the absorbers working under the oblique incident angles more than 75◦ has not yet been realized and reported due to its complexity, here for the first time, benefiting from VO2 exotic properties and tuning the proper electrical resistivity of VO2, we presented the MMA which can operate up to 87◦ for TM- and TE-polarized oblique incidences for THz waves propagating in a yoz-plane
The inner wall of the honeycomb in each unit of Reconfigurable Honeycomb Absorber (RHA) is composed of 6 VO2 films that are joint together and the other 6 VO2 films are deposited on the outer walls of the honeycomb
Summary
Quartz VO2 h x x advantaged, we present a novel vanadium dioxide (VO2)-based honeycomb-like MMA which covers almost the full incident angle ( 0◦–87◦). VO2 is a well-known smart material, which is known and utilized for its ultrafast and brutal reversible phase transition from insulator to metallic state above the critical temperature around Tc = 340 K33 This metalinsulator transition (MIT) due to the atomic level deformation in VO2 can be provoked by thermal34, optical[35], or electrical stimuli[36]. Due to an ultrafast switching time, almost near room critical temperature and useful structural transition characteristics, VO2 has been identified as noteworthy material in reconfigurable metamaterial devices over a broad spectral range from GHz to optics. It has numerous practical applications at terahertz frequencies such as reprogrammable digital metasurfaces, THz waves modulator, and tunable antennas[39,40,41]. We believe that the full coverage of incident-angle characteristics of the proposed RHA dramatically broadens the range of its applications in various fields such as imaging, sensing, and camouflage technology
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