Abstract
An open ring resonator (ORR) loaded with a varactor diode is designed and implemented in order to achieve high-performance tunable band-stop filters in planar technology with a compact size. This varactor-loaded ORR (VLORR) is versatile. It allows a shunt connection with different planar waveguide sections. In this paper, it has been connected to a coplanar waveguide (CPW) and a half-mode substrate integrated waveguide (HMSIW). As a reverse bias voltage is applied to the VLORR, a continuous tuning over the resulting stop-band can be achieved. To illustrate the possibilities of the VLORR, three prototypes have been designed, fabricated, and characterized. The three prototypes show an outstanding performance, with a rejection level at the resonant frequency and a tuning range greater than 12 dB and 85%, respectively. This VLORR has high potential value in microwave communication systems to eliminate unwanted signals.
Highlights
In many emerging multiband communication systems, microwave frequency-tunable filters are required with advanced features in terms of functionality and reduced volume and complexity [1,2].several strategies using, for example, micro-electromechanical systems, ferroelectrics, liquid crystal, and magnetic materials, or varactor diode-based technologies have been used to reach these requirements [3,4,5,6,7,8,9]
The half-mode substrate integrated waveguides (HMSIWs) filled with a EM simulations of the coplanar waveguide (CPW) structure loaded with an open ring resonator (ORR) exhibit typical stop-band substrate ε r in Figure 2c were simulated with the circuit simulator (Keysight ADS) by using the RWG
The proposed varactor-loaded open ring resonator (VLORR) cell presents an interesting application in the design of tunable band-stop
Summary
In many emerging multiband communication systems, microwave frequency-tunable filters are required with advanced features in terms of functionality and reduced volume and complexity [1,2]. These filters are mainly loaded with SRRs or CSRRs [11,16], due to the difficulty of introducing a version of the open split ring resonator (OSRR) [12] within a SIW structure This is not the case for the HMSIW, since an interesting solution has been recently proposed for the compact design of band-stop filters using an open ring resonator (ORR) [46]. Novel compact tunable CPW and HMSIW band-stop filters, allowing a wide tuning of the resonant frequency simultaneously with a constant absolute bandwidth, are presented. Both CPW and HMSIW structures use a novel cell, called varactor-loaded open ring resonator (VLORR).
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