Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate optimal aerosol and oxygen delivery with a hood on an infant model and a paediatric model. A facemask and a hood with three inlets, with or without a front cover, were used. A small-volume nebuliser with a unit-dose of salbutamol was used for drug delivery and an air entrainment nebuliser was used to deliver oxygen at 35%. Infant and paediatric breathing patterns were mimicked; a bacterial filter was connected to the end of a manikin trachea for aerosol drug collection, and an oxygen analyser was used to measure the oxygen concentration. For the infant model, inhaled drug dose was significantly higher when the nebuliser was placed in the back of the hood and with a front cover. This was verified by complementary computational simulations in a comparable infant-hood model. For the paediatric model, the inhaled dose was greater with a facemask than with a hood. Oxygen delivery with a facemask and a hood with a front cover achieved a set concentration in both models, yet a hood without a front cover delivered oxygen at far lower concentrations than the set concentration.
Highlights
This study aimed to evaluate optimal aerosol and oxygen delivery with a hood on an infant model and a paediatric model
Drug dose delivery was significantly higher through the facemask than the hood, in all experimental conditions (p < 0.001)
The present study demonstrated that an optimal aerosol delivery system for the infant model consisted of a well-sealed hood with a nebuliser inlet at the back panel, though a facemask proved optimal for dose delivery to a paediatric model
Summary
This study aimed to evaluate optimal aerosol and oxygen delivery with a hood on an infant model and a paediatric model. For the infant model, inhaled drug dose was significantly higher when the nebuliser was placed in the back of the hood and with a front cover. This was verified by complementary computational simulations in a comparable infant-hood model. The ineffectiveness of aerosol therapy with an ill-fitted facemask has been demonstrated; blow-by treatment is not advised for infants [7,8,9]. An enclosure system, such as a hood, is recommended for oxygen therapy in children less than three years of age [9].
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