Abstract
Blockchain has attracted wide attention. A smart contract is a program that runs on the blockchain, and there is evidence that most of the smart contracts on the Ethereum are highly similar, as they share lots of repetitive code. In this study, we empirically study the repetitiveness of the smart contracts via cluster analysis and try to extract the differentiated code from the similar contracts. Differentiated code is defined as the source code except the repeated ones in two similar smart contracts, which usually illustrates how a software feature is implemented or a programming issue is solved. Then, differentiated code might be used to guide the update of a smart contract in its next version. In this paper, to support the update of a target smart contract, we apply syntax and semantic similarities to discover its similar smart contracts from more than 120,000 smart contracts, and recommend the differentiated code to the target smart contract. The promising experimental results demonstrated the differentiated code can effectively support smart contract update.
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