Recommended load standards for pastures in arid zones of the Russian Federation

Abstract

Livestock pastures are the main source of feed. However, they are vulnerable to anthropogenic impacts, which are constantly under stress and as a result affect biodiversity and the quality of the pasture ecosystem. When overloading of the permissible grazing rate of animals is allowed on pastures, depending mainly on the load of pastures by cattle, leads to irreparable changes in the ecological balance in nature. Analyzing the main points of the relationship between animals and pastures, some problems are highlighted, suggestions are given on pasture turnover schemes for the main forage lands. The aim of the study was the need for rational use of pastures for grazing cattle and cattle in the semi-desert zone of the Russian Federation. For this purpose, the norms of pasture load by cattle were calculated depending on their yield and nutritional value. The nutritional value of pastures depends on the species composition of the vegetation cover. The load rate is calculated for seasonal pastures.