Abstract
Existing of vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi were investigated in continuously cropped, conventional agro ecosystems which had received annual long-term (4 years) amendments of either manure or inorganic fertilizer. The systems had an identical 4–year crops rotation and differed essentially only in the amount and type of fertilizer supplied. Experiment was setup at Taman Bogo, in the vicinity of Probolinggo, East Lampung. The eight farming systems differed mainly in fertilization application. The organic systems were fertilized exclusively with chicken manure (CK), and green manure Glyricidium sp. (GM) 20 Mg ha -1 . One conventional system was fertilized with the inorganic fertilizers (IF) (urea 300 kg ha -1 , SP 36 200 kg ha -1 , and KCl 100 kg ha -1 ). Four proportion combination fertilized organic and inorganic fertilizers i.e combination of 50% CK + 50% IF, 50% GM + 50% IF, 75% CK + 25% IF, and 75% GM + 25% IF. Application of chicken manure both exclusively or combination with inorganic fertilizer gave the higher AMF spore number and root colonization than others treatment. The dominant species of AMF at all treatment was Glomus constrictum .
Highlights
Existing of Vesicular Arbuscular Mycorrhizal on The Corn Field Subjected by Long-term Organic and Inorganic Fertilizers
The results showed that application of chicken manure or its combination with inorganic fertilizers had higher VAM fungi spore
Populasi cacing tanah pada pertanaman jagung yang diberi pupuk organik dan inorganik jangka panjang
Summary
Percobaan dilaksanakan di Kebun Percobaan Taman Bogo, Purbolinggo, Lampung Timur. Lokasi kebun percobaan berjarak 75 km dari ibukota Provinsi Lampung, dan berada pada ketinggian 500 m dari permukaan laut. Aplikasi pupuk organik (kotoran ayam atau Glyricidium) dilakukan satu minggu sebelum tanam dengan cara ditebarkan secara merata pada petak percobaan sesuai perlakuan, kemudian dicampur secara merata dengan menggunakan cangkul. Aplikasi pupuk kimia dilakukan secara tugal setelah tanaman berumur satu minggu. Pemupukan TSP dan KCl dilakukan pada awal pertanaman, sedangkan pupuk urea diberikan dua tahap, yaitu pada saat awal tanam dan pada saat tanaman berumur 30 hari. Sifat kimia tanah percobaan dan analisis pupuk organik disajikan pada Tabel 2. Pengambilan contoh tanah dilakukan pada pertanaman jagung musim pertama (2001) dan tanam jagung musim ke delapan (2004). Pada masing-masing petak percobaan, contoh tanah diambil secara acak sebanyak 3 contoh tanah disekitar perakaran tanaman (rizosfir). Untuk amatan sifat kimia tanah, contoh tanah diambil secara acak sebanyak 3 contoh pada masingmasing petak percobaan, kemudian dikompositkan. Pada saat panen juga diukur bobot pipilan jagung kering, dengan cara menimbang
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