Abstract
Infection of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is about 90% among people over the age of 40. The EBV causes a chronic infection that is characterized by chronic or recurrent symptoms and persists for a long time. Recombinant interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) has high clinical and antiviral efficacy in the treatment of herpesvirus infections. 110 patients with chronic EBV infection were examined. The patients were divided into three groups for different treatment regimens: Group 1—IFN-γ therapy (15 injections of Ingaron i/m, 500,000 IU every other day); Group 2—valaciclovir (Valtrex 500 mg × 2 times/day, orally for 2 months); Group 3—valganciclovir (Valcyte 450 mg × 2 times/day, orally for 2 months) and IFN-γ (10–20 injections of Ingaron i/m, 500,000 IU every other day). The best results were obtained in group 3–73.07% negative PCR. In this group, the combination of valganciclovir + IFN-γ was different. We showed that the efficacy of therapy in patients with chronic EBV is determined by the duration of INF-γ administration. We also determined spontaneous and induced production of IFN-α and -γ cytokines in serum and in lymphocyte culture. We demonstrated that in patients with an initially low level of induced IFN-γ, the production of this cytokine significantly increased in three months after the end of therapy.
Highlights
The development of immunodeficiency leads to the spread of persistent and/or chronic herpesvirus infection, in which the pathogen is not eliminated from the host’s body for months, years, or even throughout life
The purpose of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of IFN-γ therapy for the content of the number of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) DNA copies in saliva samples by the Real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method, for the dynamics of INF-α and INF-γ production and the clinical picture in patients suffering from chronic EpsteinBarr virus infection (CEBVI) one and three months after the end of therapy
The duration of CEBVI from the appearance of the first complaints to laboratory confirmation and the diagnosis was 2.23 Æ 0.21 years. 98 (7.720%) and 27 (24.54%) patients suffered in childhood from chronic tonsillitis with no response to antibiotic therapy and infectious mononucleosis respectively
Summary
The development of immunodeficiency leads to the spread of persistent and/or chronic herpesvirus infection, in which the pathogen is not eliminated from the host’s body for months, years, or even throughout life. Each herpesvirus in the host organism has its own target tissue, where the virus persists with the ability to enter and exit the tissue using a developed strategic mechanism, which consists of the minimum expression of viral genes in a small number of infected cells or their elimination at the protein level. This allows the virus to evade the immune response and remain in very small quantities (1 infected cell per 5 ml of blood) with minimal impact on the patient’s body, remaining in it for the rest of its life. Gastrointestinal diseases may develop hematological, neurological, and skin lesions [1]
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