Recombinant E2 protein enhances protective efficacy of inactivated bovine viral diarrhea virus 2 vaccine in a goat model

Yao-Chi Chung,Yue-Jyun Wu,Shyh-Shyan Liu,Jia-Yu Zhang,Chun-Yen Chu,Li-Ting Cheng

doi:10.1186/s12917-018-1520-2

Abstract

BackgroundInactivated and subunit bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) vaccines have shown limited protective efficacy. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a vaccine containing both inactivated BVDV (iBVDV) and baculovirus-expressed recombinant E2 (rE2), an important BVDV antigen with strongly neutralizing epitopes.ResultsFour groups of goats were immunized twice with one of four vaccine preparations: 1) iBVDV+rE2, 2) rE2, 3) iBVDV, and 4) saline, and challenged with BVDV. For goats vaccinated with the iBVDV+rE2 vaccine, no viremia was observed after challenge, and clinical signs, pyrexia, and leukopenia were reduced compared to the saline group. In contrast, for goats vaccinated with either iBVDV or rE2 alone, viremia was still detectable.ConclusionThe combination of iBVDV and rE2 elicited stronger protective immune responses against BVDV than iBVDV or rE2 alone.

Highlights

Inactivated and subunit bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) vaccines have shown limited protective efficacy
We evaluated the protective efficacy of a vaccine that included both inactivated BVDV (iBVDV) and baculovirus-expressed, recombinant E2 protein
Results iBVDV and recombinant E2 (rE2) were prepared as vaccines The E2 gene, excluding the c-terminal transmembrane domain, of BVDV/TW2008 was cloned for protein expression in a baculovirus expression system

Summary

Introduction

Inactivated and subunit bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) vaccines have shown limited protective efficacy. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a vaccine containing both inactivated BVDV (iBVDV) and baculovirus-expressed recombinant E2 (rE2), an important BVDV antigen with strongly neutralizing epitopes. Bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) infects immune cells and causes short-term leukopenia, immunosuppression, pyrexia, and diarrhea in infected animals [1]. It is strongly associated with the bovine respiratory disease complex that can result in severe economic losses for the cattle industry [2]. Infection of pregnant cattle with BVDV can result in abortions and stillbirths.

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