Recombinant activated factor VII is associated with postoperative thromboembolic adverse events in bleeding after coronary surgery.

Abstract

To evaluate the impact of recombinant activated factor VII (rFVIIa) administration on thromboembolic adverse events (TAEs) in coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) surgery patients showing postoperative bleeding. From January 2004 to May 2015, 180 CABG surgery patients with postoperative bleeding were included in the study. All patients were managed conservatively and 81 (45%) also received rFVIIa. Ten patients developed new TAEs (5.6%), 15 (8.3%) were re-explored, 4 (2.2%) had postoperative dialysis and 6 (3.3%) died by day 30 postoperation. Among those with TAEs, 7 experienced cerebrovascular accidents, 2 had myocardial infarction and 1 had pulmonary embolism. A multivariable regression model confirmed rFVIIa as the only independent factor associated with the development of TAEs (odds ratio 6.19, 95% confidence interval 1.197-31.996; P = 0.0296). Fifteen (8.3%) patients were re-explored for bleeding according to our management protocol. No variables to predict the need for re-exploration were identified by the regression model. Chest tube output was statistically significantly lower in patients who received rFVIIa from 3 h [1.9 (Q1-Q3 1.7-2.1) ml/kg/h vs 3.2 (Q1-Q3 3-3.4) ml/kg/h, P = 0.000] through to 12 h after admission [0.6 (Q1-Q3 0.5-0.6) ml/kg/h vs 0.7 (Q1-Q3 0.6-0.9) ml/kg/h, P = 0.000]. rFVIIa for the treatment of post-CABG bleeding resulted in increased incidence of TAEs in spite of rapid control of bleeding. Hence, rFVIIa should only be used for selected patients and with extreme caution.