Recognizing and Managing Allergic Contact Dermatitis: Focus on Major Allergens

Abstract

Patch testing is the gold standard for the diagnosis of allergic contact dermatitis. The identification and avoidance of culprit allergen/s is essential in the treatment of this disease. Each year, new allergens are identified as emerging or important. The authors discuss allergens that are common, enduring, emergent, incompletely recognized and controversial for the practicing allergist and dermatologist. This Clinical Management Review will encompass a review of fragrances, preservatives, rubber, acrylates, metals, and medications, their common sources of exposure, controversies in diagnosis and patch testing, management and how to avoid those allergens. This review will also include practical aspects of diagnosis and management and will provide resources that can be used as guidance for physicians and patients on nickel, MCI/MI, fragrance, the most common allergens positive on patch testing.