Abstract
BackgroundUnder-utilization of mental health services is a global health issue. Recognition of mental disorders, as the first step to seeking help from professional sources, has been well studied in developed countries, yet little is known about the situation in rural areas of developing countries like China. The purpose of the study is to understand the recognition of depression, anxiety, and alcohol abuse and its predictive factors in a Chinese rural sampleMethodsFace-to-face interviews were conducted on a representative rural adult sample in a cross-sectional study in China (N = 2052). Respondents were presented with three vignettes depicting depression, anxiety and alcohol abuse and asked to label the disorder and its cause to assess their recognition of the three mental disorders. They also completed the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9), the Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale (GAD-7), and the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) to assess their current mental health status.ResultsThe alcohol abuse vignette was more frequently attributed as a mental problem than the depression vignette and anxiety vignette. The correct labeling rate was 16.1 % in the depression vignette, 15.5 % in the anxiety vignette, and 58.2 % in the alcohol vignette. Higher education is the common and also strongest factor positively predicting the recognition of all three vignettes. Beyond that, being female is an independent predictor of correct recognition of alcohol abuse, while recognition of depression and anxiety were positively predicted by younger age.ConclusionsLower recognition of depression and anxiety as compared to alcohol abuse confirms the importance and need to increase the public’s awareness and knowledge about common mental disorders. Recognition of common mental disorders could be improved through general public campaign and education, while paying attention to the unique predictive factors for each specific disorder and implement targeted intervention.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12888-016-0802-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Highlights
Under-utilization of mental health services is a global health issue
Recognition of three vignettes: correctly attributing it as being a mental disorder The proportion of respondents recognizing each vignette as reflecting mental problems were high, with a range of 57.6–75.0 %
Beyond that, being female is an independent predictor of correct recognition of alcohol abuse, while recognition of depression and anxiety were positively predicted by younger age
Summary
Under-utilization of mental health services is a global health issue. Recognition of mental disorders, as the first step to seeking help from professional sources, has been well studied in developed countries, yet little is known about the situation in rural areas of developing countries like China. The purpose of the study is to understand the recognition of depression, anxiety, and alcohol abuse and its predictive factors in a Chinese rural sample. A 2007 National Survey of Mental Health and Wellbeing in Australia reported that almost two-thirds of those with mental disorders never seek any treatment [9], a figure similar to that in the US [10]. Another nationally representative study with a Norwegian sample of 65,648 respondents found that 87 % of those with depression and 75 % with anxiety disorders had never sought any help [11]. In China, over 90 % of those who meet criteria for a mental disorder never received any treatment [3]
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