Abstract
Although work has been done in Urdu Sentiment Analysis by researchers but still there is a lot of room for improvement in the form of achieving higher accuracy. Therefore, in this research, the accuracy of Urdu Sentiment Analysis in multiple domains is enhanced by dealing negations using Lexicon-based approach, one of the broadly used approaches for performing Sentiment Analysis. Negations in Urdu Sentiment Analysis are particularly focused in this research because of their effective role in Sentiment Analysis. Both local and long distance negations are considered. For achieving this goal, a corpus with 6025 Urdu sentences, from 151 blogs that belong to 14 different genres is taken in which use of negations is carefully observed. Two major steps are taken in this regard. First, to deal with the morphological negations, this type of negations is included in the negative word file of the Urdu Sentiment Lexicon developed for performing Sentiment Analysis of Urdu blogs. Secondly, rule-based approach is used for handling the implicit and explicit negations. Rules are designed that can deal with both implicit and explicit negations effectively. Implementation of these rules increased the accuracy of Sentiment Analyzer from 73.88% to 78.32% with 0.745, 0.788 and 0.745 Precision, Recall and Fmeasure respectively, which is statistically significant improvement.
Highlights
Negations, called negation particles, vary from language to language and are used for negating statements or parts of statements
In the above example, ( بہترbehtar i.e. better) is a positive word and it remains positive in spite of the fact that it is preceded by the negation نہ, due to the presence of ( صرفsirf i.e. only)
The paper shows that negations play an important role in the correct classification of sentences
Summary
Called negation particles, vary from language to language and are used for negating statements or parts of statements. It is essential to handle these negations carefully while performing Sentiment Analysis (SA) by computer. Identifying the scope of negations becomes very important. The polarity of a complete sentence or part of a sentence is normally reversed by the negation of words [1]. Negation turns an assertion into its opposite [2]. Understanding of the negation features help a lot in the improvement of performance [3]
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