Abstract
Microphones can be calibrated by a primary technique in a diffuse sound field. The formula for the diffuse-field voltage response is derived from the well-known relationship for a reciprocal transducer in free space. It is shown that the reciprocity parameter for a diffuse-sound field follows from that for free space by replacing the distance by the “diffuse-field distance” of a point source. This distance depends only on the total absorption in the reverberation room. The experimental procedure is described in some detail and the results of the diffuse-field calibration of a Western Electric 640 AA condenser microphone are presented.
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