Receptivity of the endometrium in infertility associated with adenomyosis

Abstract

Violation of the receptivity of the endometrium in adenomyosis can be supported either by pathological processes in the structure of the endometrium, such as an unexpected increase in vascularization and thickness of the endometrial stroma with a violation of the endometrial environment, or a negative effect on implantation, or a change in the expression of enzymes, cytokines, growth factors, adhesion molecules and various genes, such as hypoxia-induced factor 1α, interleukins (IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-II), IL-8 receptors, CXCR1, CXCR2, matrix metalloproteinases (MMP2 and MMP9), vascular endothelial growth factor, leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF), LIF receptor α, HOXA10 gene, cytochrome P450, aromatase activity, estrogen receptor α, cell adhesion molecules such as integrins, MUC1, pinopods and L-selection. The modern literature data on the receptivity of the endometrium in infertility associated with adenomyosis was analyzed, the etiology and morphofunctional features of the endometrium, its implantation disorders as well as their effects on implantation processes were studied. Infertility is one of the most important and complex medical and social problems in the modern world. Thanks to advances in imaging techniques, there is now increasing evidence that adenomyosis is one of the causes of female infertility. According to studies, adenomyosis was observed in 27% of infertile patients treated with assisted reproductive technologies (ART). Adenomyosis is a disease with an unclear etiology, the pathogenesis of the disease identifies several theories, but there is no single correct one, its connection with infertility in women requires further study and depends on many factors, one of which is the receptivity of the endometrium. Treatment of this disease requires a personalized approach for each patient, to achieve the main goal of overcoming infertility.