Abstract
Computer-assisted orthopedic surgery (CAOS) systems have become one of the most important and challenging types of system in clinical orthopedics, as they enable precise treatment of musculoskeletal diseases, employing modern clinical navigation systems and surgical tools. This paper brings a comprehensive review of recent trends and possibilities of CAOS systems. There are three types of the surgical planning systems, including: systems based on the volumetric images (computer tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or ultrasound images), further systems utilize either 2D or 3D fluoroscopic images, and the last one utilizes the kinetic information about the joints and morphological information about the target bones. This complex review is focused on three fundamental aspects of CAOS systems: their essential components, types of CAOS systems, and mechanical tools used in CAOS systems. In this review, we also outline the possibilities for using ultrasound computer-assisted orthopedic surgery (UCAOS) systems as an alternative to conventionally used CAOS systems.
Highlights
The musculoskeletal system plays an essential role in human movement
These areas include the identification of screw density and optimal position in relation to the fractured bone, finite element method analysis for the accurate determination of the depth of the hole drilled into the bone, the suitability of cannulated screw insertion depending on mechanical bone properties in elderly patients, suitable timing and force of cannulated screw pullout based on bone healing status, and the experimental and numerical verification of tests [245,246,247,248,249]
The purpose of Computer-assisted orthopedic surgery (CAOS) systems is to eliminate inaccuracies from radiological results and at the same time to improve the accuracy of surgical procedures
Summary
The musculoskeletal system plays an essential role in human movement This complex system includes the bones of the skeleton, cartilages, ligaments and the binding tissues which connect the organs together. When treating and providing therapy for the musculoskeletal system, traumatological and orthopedic surgery is conventionally used In such procedures, the surgical steps—including ligament reconstruction and cutting and drilling of the bones—must be performed as precisely as possible. Application smart methods methods from from computer computer science science and and digital digital techniques techniques in in the the clinical orthopaedics facilitate and bring novel possibilities in medicine. Techniques and clinical procedures modern trend called the Figure shows the basic concept and components of digital orthopaedics [4,5]. Thedigital digitalorthopaedics orthopaedics mainly helps to clinicians improve manage whole surgical procedures. Procedures essential support for individual applications in thein digital orthopaedics.
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