Abstract
Leishmaniasis is caused by protozoal species and subspecies of the genus Leishmania. Although the infection occurs on all continents, it is endemic in tropical and subtropical countries. The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that there are 400,000 new cases in the world each year. 1 It is transmitted to man, most often by the bites of infected female sandflies. The parasites exist in two forms: an amastigote in the mammalian host, and a flagellated promastigote in the insect vector. In increasing order of systemic involvement and clinical severity, human leishmaniasis can be classified into cutaneous ( Oriental sore), mucocutaneous (espundia), and visceral (kala azar) forms. In Saudi Arabia, the most common manifestation of infection is cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL). While many cases of CL have been found in various regions such as Al Baha, Central, Qassim and the Eastern Province, CL is known to occur throughout the Kingdom.
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