Abstract
Mycobacterial infections are one of the deadliest infectious diseases still posing a major health burden worldwide. The battle against these pathogens needs to focus on novel approaches and key interventions. In recent times, availability of genome scale data has revolutionized the fields of computational biology and immunoproteomics. Here, we summarize the cutting-edge ‘omics’ technologies and innovative system scale strategies exploited to mine the available data. These may be targeted using high-throughput technologies to expedite the identification of novel antigenic candidates for the rational next generation vaccines and serodiagnostic development against mycobacterial pathogens for which traditional methods have been failing.
Highlights
Despite the massive advancements over the years in the field of effective clinical interventions, a big number of people in the developing countries still suffer from an enormous burden of contagious diseases
In the present post-genomic era, the discovery of novel antigens for vaccines and diagnostics has expedited with the easy accessibility of information about the complete set of different mycobacterial genes and proteins
The available mycobacterial genomes complemented by state-of-the-art ‘omics’ approaches together with the in silico screening strategies symbolize promising tools to discover potential vaccine candidates and therapeutic targets in diverse pathogenic mycobacterial species
Summary
Despite the massive advancements over the years in the field of effective clinical interventions, a big number of people in the developing countries still suffer from an enormous burden of contagious diseases. The second generation vaccine is composed of pathogen-derived purified components (devoid of the factors responsible for infection) instead of the whole microbial cells These have been developed using novel recombinant proteins and DNA molecules (rDNA technology) as well as non-virulent but immunoprotective forms of microbial pathogens. It generates a global genome-wide chromatin maps depicting genome-wide binding sites of protein which may help to identify the functional elements in the complete genome While this technique proved to be a revolutionary approach to study large genomic regions, it suffered from certain technical limitations such as high cost and requirement of a large amount of DNA extensive amplification leading to biasness and allelic variants hindered by cross-hybridization (Mikkelsen et al, 2007). (1) Differentiates the structurally similar signal sequences of sec and tat substrate types. (2) Prediction is based on assigned putative Tat substrates signal sequences with high accuracy
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