Abstract
We review a number of approaches that have been adopted to explain the origin of dark energy responsible for the late-time cosmic acceleration. This includes the cosmological constant and dynamical dark energy models such as quintessence, k -essence, Chaplygin gas, f(R) gravity, scalar-tensor theories, and braneworld models. We also discuss observational and local gravity constraints on those models and clarify which models are favored or ruled out in current observations.
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