Abstract
With the rapid growth in demand for effective and renewable energy, the hydrogen era has begun. To meet commercial requirements, efficient hydrogen storage techniques are required. So far, four techniques have been suggested for hydrogen storage: compressed storage, hydrogen liquefaction, chemical absorption, and physical adsorption. Currently, high-pressure compressed tanks are used in the industry; however, certain limitations such as high costs, safety concerns, undesirable amounts of occupied space, and low storage capacities are still challenges. Physical hydrogen adsorption is one of the most promising techniques; it uses porous adsorbents, which have material benefits such as low costs, high storage densities, and fast charging–discharging kinetics. During adsorption on material surfaces, hydrogen molecules weakly adsorb at the surface of adsorbents via long-range dispersion forces. The largest challenge in the hydrogen era is the development of progressive materials for efficient hydrogen storage. In designing efficient adsorbents, understanding interfacial interactions between hydrogen molecules and porous material surfaces is important. In this review, we briefly summarize a hydrogen storage technique based on US DOE classifications and examine hydrogen storage targets for feasible commercialization. We also address recent trends in the development of hydrogen storage materials. Lastly, we propose spillover mechanisms for efficient hydrogen storage using solid-state adsorbents.
Highlights
This review provides a brief summary, with pros and cons, of the following practical hydrogen storage techniques: high-pressure gas storage, hydrogen liquefaction, chemical absorption, and physical adsorption
This review describes adsorption models for highly efficient hydrogen adsorption behaviors and specific characteristics of hydrogen molecules on spin isomers depending on their temperatures
6. (a)ofSchematic illustration of the hydrogen spilloverbonds, and diffusion mechanism on Covalent organic frameworks (COFs), a family of crystalline microporous materials that are free of metals and entirely comprise strong covalent bonds, have been considered promising candidates for hydrogen storage because of their high specific surface area and large pore volume [79,80,81]
Summary
Global warming issues surrounding growing populations and increases in the use of fossil fuels compel the replacement of fossil fuels for alternative resources [1,2,3]. Storage capacity levels, durability/operability, charging–discharging rate, dormancy, and safety are the primary measurements [11,12]. The target of durability/operability is aligned with of delivering and storing for fuel cell vehicles. The aim for charging–dischargingthe rates is general operating conditions of delivering and storing for fuel cell vehicles. Other parameters on charging–discharging rates is set to 3–5 min, which is the general filling time for gasoline charging–discharging rates, dormancy, and safety set targets based on typical vehicle sysvehicles. Hydrogen storage capacity is thestorage most exigent factor based typicalthese vehicle systems. Technicalsystem systemtargets targets onboard hydrogen storage for light-duty cell vehicles. Table forfor onboard hydrogen storage for light-duty fuel fuel cell vehicles
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
