Abstract
The Advanced Free Electron Laser (AFEL) is a compact, infrared, rf-linac FEL that uses a high-brightness photoinjector and a short-period permanent-magnet wiggler. Lasing at saturation with and without sidebands was achieved over the 4–6 μm region with a nominally 15-MeV electron beam energy and a 1-cm-period, 24-period wiggler. Sideband-free FEL operation was optimized with respect to outcoupling by tuning off the reflectivity curve of the multilayer dielectric mirrors. Sideband operation was achieved using copper mirrors with a 1.1% outcoupling hole. The measured macropulse energy with ∼ 1300 micropulses was approximately 50 mJ per 1 nC of beam, corresponding to an output efficiency of 0.25% and a maximum extraction efficiency of 1.4%.
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