Abstract
The recent technical trends of internal paper sizes are reviewed. The selection of adequate sizes for each different papermaking conditions and to increase the fixing rate of the sizes are the most important role in using the sizes. To satisfy these requirements, the basic mechanisms of the absorption and retention of sizes are summarized.To review the recent technical trend, the rosin emulsion sizes with polymer based emulsifier for acid papermaking, and AKD, ASA and cationic polymer sizes for alkaline papermaking are selected. The characteristic point and the recent technical trend of selected sizes are described. In addition to those selected sizes, the rosin based neutral sizes, which are now widely accepted and used for the PPC grade paper production, is specially described for its design philosophy, using methods with fixing agents and alum, and its characteristics.The review also described the new development of the rosin based sizes for acid-neutral papermaking (applicable pH range is between 5 to 7), to meet the recent industrial situation, increased use of recycled paper containing calcium carbonate.
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