Abstract
In the past few decades, the field of DNA origami-based micro/nanotechnology has developed dramatically and spawned attention increasingly, as its high integrality, rigid structure, and excellent resistance ability to enzyme digestion. Many two-dimensional and three-dimensional DNA nanostructures coordinated with optical, chemical, or magnetic triggers have been designed and assembled, extensively used as versatile templates for molecular robots, nanosensors, and intracellular drug delivery. The magnetic field has been widely regarded as an ideal driving and operating system for micro/nanomaterials, as it does not require high-intensity lasers like light control, nor does it need to change the chemical composition similar to chemical activation. Herein, we review the recent achievements in the induction and actuation of DNA origami-based nanodevices that respond to magnetic fields. These magnetic actuation-based DNA nanodevices were regularly combined with magnetic beads or gold nanoparticles and applied to generate single-stranded scaffolds, assemble various DNA nanostructures, and purify specific DNA nanostructures. Moreover, they also produced artificial magnetism or moved regularly driven by external magnetic fields to explain deeper scientific issues.
Highlights
Inspired by the Holliday junction, a four-way junction intermediate observed during recombination [1], Seeman first proposed thermodynamically stable four-way junctions with sticky ends and built double crossover and triple crossover motifs [2]
Fan group constructed an M13 viral scaffold into nanometer-scale self-assembled braille-like patterns, creating a key over 700 bits [13]. They stated that specific nanostructures could be used for secure communication with the help of intrinsic nanoscale addressability of DNA origami structures
Under the dominance of the magnetic fields, many investigators employed the micro/nanomachines assembled by DNA origami frameworks to gain a series of pivotal applications, including single-molecule force spectroscopy to material property, drug delivery for cancer treatment, and high-sensitivity detection based on ELLSA [27,28,29]
Summary
Inspired by the Holliday junction, a four-way junction intermediate observed during recombination [1], Seeman first proposed thermodynamically stable four-way junctions with sticky ends and built double crossover and triple crossover motifs [2]. Fan group constructed an M13 viral scaffold into nanometer-scale self-assembled braille-like patterns, creating a key over 700 bits [13] They stated that specific nanostructures could be used for secure communication with the help of intrinsic nanoscale addressability of DNA origami structures. The majority of conformational changes of DNA origami structures could be realized through external stimuli These outside triggers might directly stimulate the DNA nanostructures and inaccurately control the motions or rotations. Under the dominance of the magnetic fields, many investigators employed the micro/nanomachines assembled by DNA origami frameworks to gain a series of pivotal applications, including single-molecule force spectroscopy to material property, drug delivery for cancer treatment, and high-sensitivity detection based on ELLSA [27,28,29]. We discuss and look forward to the research potential and development significance of magnetic DNA micro/nanorobots
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