Abstract
Lignocellulosic biomass is an abundant and renewable resource of carbon that allows the production of versatile and viable chemicals and fuels. Various processes have been developed for the conversion of biomass and its derivatives into platform molecules. Among these molecules, γ-valerolactone (GVL) is widely used because of its high stability, low toxicity and low volatility. GVL is an ideal precursor for the production of fuels and value-added chemicals. Up to now, various cata- lysts and reaction systems have been developed for the production of GVL from biomass, and many processes for the conver- sion GVL into fuels and chemicals have also been reported. In this paper, the different feedstocks including levulinic acid (LA), levulinate esters and other compounds for the production of GVL, as well as the catalytic systems including homogene- ous and heterogeneous catalysts for the hydrogenation of LA to GVL using H2 gas or formic acid (FA) as hydrogen source are summarized. The conversion of GVL into fuels, chemicals and polymers is reviewed. Keywords lignocellulosic biomass; γ-valerolactone; catalytic system; fuels; chemicals; polymers
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