Abstract
Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) are set to be game changing components in next-generation photovoltaic technology due to their high efficiency and low cost. In this article, recent progress in the development of perovskite layers, which are the basis of PSCs, is reviewed. Achievements in the fabrication of high-quality perovskite films by various methods and techniques are introduced. The reported works demonstrate that the power conversion efficiency of the perovskite layers depends largely on their morphology and the crystalline quality. Furthermore, recent achievements concerning the scalability of perovskite films are presented. These developments aim at manufacturing large-scale perovskite solar modules at high speed. Moreover, it is shown that the development of low-dimensional perovskites plays an important role in improving the long-term ambient stability of PSCs. Finally, these latest advancements can enhance the competitiveness of PSCs in photovoltaics, paving the way for their commercialization. In the closing section of this review, some future critical challenges are outlined, and the prospect of commercialization of PSCs is presented.
Highlights
During the past decade, organic–inorganic halide perovskites (OIHP) have attracted great interest due to their special merits, including exciting optical properties, outstanding optical tunability and low-temperature solution processability
In OIHP photovoltaics, perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have entered our field of vision. With their high efficiency and low cost, they are expected to be highly influential in next-generation photovoltaic technology
The results demonstrate that solvent engineering, which is on track to break power conversion efficiency (PCE) records, is a more promising method compared to other methods of optimizing film morphology and crystalline quality
Summary
Organic–inorganic halide perovskites (OIHP) have attracted great interest due to their special merits, including exciting optical properties, outstanding optical tunability and low-temperature solution processability. Perovskite films fabricated by an antisolvent deposition process, where large perovskite crystals pack densely without pinholes, exhibit a smoother and more uniform morphology compared to those prepared by the traditional onestep method without antisolvent treatment. Large-area fabrication of perovskite films Since the PCE of PSCs already exceeds 23%, the research focus is gradually shifting towards important issues related to commercialization.
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